ケルト・ゲルマン的神性 Matronae -オリエント世界周辺の神性研究のための一試論-

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タイトル別名
  • The Celto-Germanic Divinities Matronae
  • ケルト ゲルマンテキ シンセイ Matronae オリエント セカイ シュウヘ

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説明

We find many dedicatory inscriptions to these divinities Matronae in the region over which the Roman domination has once reached, specially in Gaul, Germany, northern Italy and Spain. Namely through these divinities we can glimpse one aspect of the indigenous religions of the Celts and Germans. By the way as the word shows, Matrona is pure Latin formally and semantically. It is not a borrowed word from the Celtic. In this sense, these divinities were very romanized. But those of the Ubii, which are the main themes of my paper, are very distinguished by the epithets and epithet's suffix and by the images of the deities, which we cannot find at the cult of these deities in other regions. Therefore in these inscriptions it is highly possible that there remained much Germanic (or, sometimes may be, Celtic) elements. On the other hand, it is proved by history that since the first encounter of the Ubii and the Romans, the former has always been obedient to the latter. Therefore it is not useless to refer to the cult of these goddesses in this region in order to research their real origin, to feel out the religious views of the ancient Germans and Celtics, and to know the relation between the Ubii and the Romans. Therefore, first analyzing the relation between the epithets and the name of dedicators, I'll refer also to the changes of the images of the goddesses and their syncretism with other deities. As a result, it is proved that there remained more indigenous elements in the epithets of the goddesses and their statues than in the names of dedicators. As I said above, the Ubii and the Romans have always kept an intimate friendship since their first encounter. There must have been many Ubii who wanted to become a colony and to be estimated highly by the Romans. But even these fellows could not abandon their native deities in their cult. Thus there remained much long the cult in this region in spite of the rapid syncretism, because it was not the people of the high society who supported the cult, but the people in the street who did not make history.

収録刊行物

  • オリエント

    オリエント 37 (1), 71-86, 1994

    一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

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