Gospodarllk に関する一考察

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タイトル別名
  • A Study of <i>Gospodarlik</i>
  • Gospodarlik ニ カンスル イチコウサツ

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Barkan and Inalcik (Turkish historians) incline to suppose that ciftlik is the only type of big farm formed through the collapsing process of the timar system (the main land system of the Ottoman Empire) and incline to consider gospodarlik as a local name (more especially in Bulgaria) of the çiftlik and to identify the former with the latter. Gospodarlik is one of the most unexplored fields of research in Turkey. The most comprehensive and well-documented study in Turkey on gospodarlik is H. Inalcik, Tanzimat ve Bulgar Meselesi (Ankara, 1943) that describes generally matters of gospodarlik up to the autumn of 1851, when Zarif Pasa proceeded to the vâlî's (governor) post of Vidin eyâleti (province) in northwestern Bulgaria.<br>On the other hand, Gandev and Kosev (Bulgar historians) maintain that there were distinct types of management among big farms. They regard gospodarlik as a feudal type and çiftlik as a capitalistic one. It seems that with regard to gospodarlik's management a slight difference of opinion exists among the historians mentioned above. Therefore, I suppose that there was a variety of çiftlik.<br>The main document introduced in this paper is Zarif's Lâyiha (memorandum) concerning gospodarlik. This document, bearing the date of 1852, is classified IRA, no. 15687, dâhilîye at Basvekâlet Arsivi (Archives of the Office of the Prime Minister) in Istanbul.<br>It is obvious that Inalclk deals chiefly with the method of gospodarizk's formation in relation to iltizam (tax farming) system, but his explanation of gospodar's (owner of gospodarlik) origin is not clear. Zarif maintains in his Lâyiha that the mutasarrif (possessor), who got a tapu (title deed) in return for some dues from the mültezim (tax farmer), became a gospodar. In the presesent paper, I try to present some problems concerning gospodarlik by dealing with gospodarlik as a type of various çiftliks and criticizing mainly Inalcik's view.

収録刊行物

  • オリエント

    オリエント 19 (2), 111-124,206, 1976

    一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

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