Royal Succession in the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah

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Other Title
  • イスラエル王国とユダ王国における王位の継承
  • イスラエル オウコク ト ユダ オウコク ニ オケル オウイ ノ ケイショウ
  • With Special References to the People under Arms as a Determining Factor in the Struggles for the Throne
  • 王位継承闘争において決定的要因となった武装民に関する考察をめぐり

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As to the dynastic changes in the kingdom of Israel, the historiographers in the Books of Samuel and Kings differentiate the two types of seizure one from the other by the two different formulary expressions. The first type carried out by the people who helped their war-leader to the throne is expressed by the formula wayyamlîkû 'otô, with either kol-ha'am or kol-yisra'el as the subject. The second type executed by usurpers who conspired against their lords is expressed by the formula wayyiqšor 'alâw. The dynastic founders of the first type were made kings by the people under arms, but the usurpers of the second type could not win broad support from the people. At irregular successions in the kingdom of Judah, the people called 'am yehûdah or 'am ha'ares intervened four times in determining the royal successor. They were also the people under arms whose action is formulated by the same expression wayyamlîkû 'otô. We may conclude that this formulary expression is used as a definite technical term for king-making as a political action in the historiographical sources in the Books of Samuel and Kings. At the same time, it becomes clear that there was a contrasting development between the kingdoms of Israel and Judah concerning the people under arms as a determining factor at the establishment of the royal throne.

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