香港の学校における不良少年の戦後史

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  • The Schools for Juvenile Delinquents in Hong Kong after World War II
  • ホンコン ノ ガッコウ ニ オケル フリョウ ショウネン ノ センゴシ

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Among the special-needs schools in current Hong Kong, there is a category called the School for Social Development. The School for Social Development is a school for pupils who have difficulty adapting to ordinary school life because of learning difficulties, emotional disturbances, and problematic behaviors. The predecessors of the School for Social Development were schools established by churches and other organizations, such as technical schools in the 1950s and schools for pupils who could not adapt to mainstream schools under the compulsory education system in the 1970s. The background to the establishment of those schools varies by school. As of September 2008, there were seven School for Social Development in Hong Kong. The Juvenile Care Center is a school primarily for juvenile delinquents. Thus, the schools for maladjusted pupils established by churches and other organizations became School for Social Development that received government funding, that is, special-needs schools. Most of the schools for juvenile delinquents, which had different foundation backgrounds and histories, have finally been included in the official educational system and given legitimacy as special-needs schools or regular junior high schools. In 1990, disputes centered on the segregated education that separated delinquents from general students since the Compulsory Education Law enforced in 1970s required that children with problems be provided with a regular education. In 1993, conventional nautical schools were transformed into practical junior high schools for delinquent boys. In 2001, however, these practical junior high schools became mainstream junior high schools with the traditional characteristics of nautical schools. This was because few parents or students chose to attend a practical junior high school for delinquents.

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