Social Exclusion and Social Inclusion in Education

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  • 教育における排除と包摂
  • キョウイク ニ オケル ハイジョ ト ホウセツ

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This study discusses matters concerning the relationship between society and education in contemporary Japan and examines problems that have occurred in various fields of education based on the concept of social exclusion and social inclusion.<BR><BR>Many developed industrial countries have problems with correlations among various social sectors and become unable to sustain satisfactory social unification. J. Young called this rapid change in the social system the advent of the exclusive society.<BR><BR>In the era of the exclusive society, education is evaluated highly as the major tool of social welfare for the young. However, actual educational performance as well as children’s lives and their learning are influenced enormously by the exclusive society. School education is not linked smoothly with the labor market and some citizens face high risks as they are not allowed full participation in society.<BR><BR>The early stage of the cumulative exclusive process is embedded in school education. This study analyzes problems of “children who do not go to school,” that is, children who do not go to school, “out-of-school” children, high school dropouts, and children with long-term absence from school.<BR><BR>In order to step forward into social inclusion, we should pay more attention to children who have a high risk of exclusion from society in the future. Various social sectors are expected to cooperate in order to support those high-risk children, and the educational system should be scrutinized and reformed from the point of view of social inclusion. Concrete suggestions are required for high school education that will meet the pressure for guaranteeing high-quality education.

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