Epidemiology of Developmental Disorder in a community-based population sample of five-year-old children

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  • Saito Manabu
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Yoshida Satomi
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Sakamoto Yui
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Osato Ayako
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Adachi Masaki
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Yasuda Sayura
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Kuribayashi Michito
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University
  • Nakamura Kazuhiko
    Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University

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Other Title
  • 5 歳児発達健診における発達障害の疫学
  • 5サイジ ハッタツケンシン ニ オケル ハッタツ ショウガイ ノ エキガク

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Abstract

The prevalence of ASD has changed dramatically recently. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that the ASD prevalence among 8 - year- old children was 1.47% (one in 68) in the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring (ADDM) Network surveillance conducted by CDC within 2010, and the prevalence increased by 120% in a decade. Moreover, the ASD prevalence among children aged 3 - 17 years was 2.24% (one in 45) in the 2014 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) , which showed significant increase (1.25%) compared to the survey from 2011 to 2013. The methods of epidemiological survey of developmental disorders varies, which can be seen in the ADDM and NHIS, where different sampling strategies are used, including different age groups and using different diagnostic criteria. Therefore, the ASD prevalence reported in those surveys are not directly comparable. In addition, previous biological researches suggested the existent of endophenotype. New research methods combining behavioral assessments in community placements with biological assessments using biomarkers has been established overseas for early detection of ASD. Check- up systems for early detection of ASD, which is based on scientific methodology, is needed in Japan as well. The evaluation of the biological characteristics of ASD accurately and non- invasively is required in the future.

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