Trend of Spring Water and Groundwater in the Awaji Island After the 1995 Hyogo-Nanbu Earthquake

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  • 淡路島における兵庫県南部地震後の湧水・地下水の挙動
  • アワジシマ ニ オケル ヒョウゴケン ナンブ ジシンゴ ノ ユウスイ チカスイ

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Abstract

The 1995 Hyogo-Nanbu Earthquake, which attacked Japan on January 17,1995, has brought severe damage to the Awaji Island. Indeed, most wells have dried up in a certain area of the island where there are many springs. The unusual swell of groundwater and spring water has caused such phenomena as landslide and submergence of land after the earthquake. Apparently the earthquake has exerted various kinds of influence on both quantity and quality of the groundwater over a vast area including dust action. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the spring water and groundwater were given in the Awaji Island to clarify the influence of the earthquake on both forms of water in the island and how the water has changed, and to seek the factors of the change.<BR>Increase or decrease of spring water yield and upcoming or drawdown of groundwaterlevel are observed in the Awaji Island. These phenomena may have been caused by the change of groundwater potential in accordance with the action of fault and the earthquake shock. Some springs have dried up after experiencing drawdown probably because the aquifer has suffered fractures. Spring water and groundwater show a tendency to have increased their dissolved inorganic matter density around the faults where the earthquake shock was severe. It is suggested that this tendency turned up mainly because deep groundwater, which shows high density of the dissolved matters, has infiltrated into the spring water and groundwater and partly because the action of the earthquake shock enriched the dissolved matters and/or the heat produced by the shock has been influential.

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