小児一側性難聴児における CT 所見の検討

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  • Computed tomography findings in pediatric unilateral sensorineural hearing loss

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  We retrospectively reviewed histories of 30 children (aged five months to 13 years) who had undergone computed tomography (CT) for evaluation of unilateral sensorineural hearing loss from January 2009 to December 2009 at Chiba Children's Hospital. Inner ears, vestibular aqueducts, internal auditory canals, and cochlea nerve canals were evaluated by CT scans with 0.6 mm axial sections and coronal reconstructions.<br/>  Thirteen children were first diagnosed by newborn hearing screening (NHS), and six were first diagnosed by a school hearing examination. The male to female ratio was 3:2. Seventeen out of the 30 cases (57%) had some abnormalities visible on the CT image. Cochlear nerve canal stenosis was seen in 13 patients; in four of them, this was associated with internal auditory canal stenosis. Two children with enlarged vestibular aqueducts were identified; one of them had a bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Only one child with unilateral cochleovestibular malformation was identified. Eleven of 13 children (85%) diagnosed by NHS showed abnormal findings, which is a high percentage compared with the other children in the review. There were no complications among them except for one 21-trisomy and a very-low-birth-weight baby.<br/>  On the basis of these findings, we think some malformations are detectable with CT imaging in most cases of congenital unilateral hearing loss. CT should be performed in cases of pediatric unilateral sensorineural hearing loss to predict the course of a child's hearing and to determine the best follow up.

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