外貿貨物輸送に関するシステムズ・アナリシス : ブレークバルク,コンテナおよびラッシュシステムの比較分析

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  • Systems Analysis of Export Cargo Transportation : A Comparative Cost Analysis of Break-Bulk, Container and LASH Systems
  • ガイボウ カモツ ユソウ ニ カンスル システム ズ アナリシス ブレークバル

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The purpose of this study is the rationalization of the total transportation system of export cargo making use of systems analysis method. Break-bulk, container and LASH systems are applied to the total transportation from Yokohama, Japan to San Francisco, U.S.A. The evaluation is based on the criterion of minimizing the physical distribution costs (PDC) of cargoes. PDCs are calculated by 18 model equations in break-bulk system, 25 model equations in container system and 24 model equations in LASH system. Each system consists of inland, port and maritime segments from cargo origin to final destination. Calculations were performed for 24 alternatives of break-bulk model, 12 alternatives of container model and 16 alternatives of LASH model. The results showed that the effects of the unit load system are remarkable in the reduction of the inland and port process PDC which are bottleneck points of break-bulk system. The container system should be operated more safely and efficiently. And the LASH system should be applied to the trade routes between north and south and places which have good waterways when social and technical conditions should be ready, because this system is optimum for the transportation of steel materials, lumbers, heavy vehicles, lengthy and bulky cargoes.

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