COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON ACTIVITIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AGAINST CAUSATIVE ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS (1989)

The frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 1,032 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of June 1989 to May 1990. Of the above total bacterial isolates, Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 30.8% and a majority of them were Enterococcus faecalis. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 69.2% and most of them were Escherichia coli.<BR>1.Enterococcus faecalis<BR>Imipenem (IPM) sho wed the highest activity against E. faecalis isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. The followings, ampicillin (ABPC) and vancomycin (VCM) showed potent activities, with the MIC₉₀s of 2μg/ml. Piperacillin (PIPC), minocycline (MINO) and chloramphenicol (CP) were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 8 μg/ml. The others were not so active with the MIC₉₀s of 32 μg/ml or above.<BR>2.Staphylococcus aureus<BR>VCM showed the high est activity against S. aureus with the MIC₉₀ of 1μg/ml. Dicloxacillin (MDIPC) and arbekacin (ABK) were active with the MIC₉₀s of 2μg/ml. MINO showed the MIC₉₀ of 4μg/ml. All other agents except ciprofloxacin (CPFX) showed lower activity.<BR>3.Staphylococcus epidermidis<BR>MINO showed the highest activity against S. epidermidis. Its MIC₉₀ was 0.25μg/ml. The followings, ABK and VCM were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.5μg/ml, 2μg/ml, respectively. The others except CPFX were not so active.<BR>4. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS)<BR>Most of the agents were active against CNS. IPM, ABK and MINO showed the highest activities with the MIC₉₀s of 0.125μg/ml or below. MDIPC, cefazolin (CEZ), cefotiam (CTM) and VCM were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 1μg/ml. Clindamycin (CLDM) showed lower activity, with the MIC₉₀ of 128μg/ml.<BR>5.Streptococcus agalactiae<BR>CEZ, cefuzonam (CZO N), IPM and CLDM showed the potent activity, all strains were inhibited at the MIC of 0.125μg/ml or below. The followings, cefmenoxime (CMX) and erythromycin (EM) were active with the MIC90s of 0.125μg/ml or below. PIPC and VCM were also active with the MIC₉₀s 0.25μg/ml and 0.5μg/ml, respectively. Amikacin (AMK) showed lower activity.<BR>6.Escherichia coli<BR>IPM, CTM, fl omoxef (FMOX), CMX, carumonam (CRMN), norfloxacin (NFLX), ofloxacin (OFLX) and CPFX showed the highest activities against E. coli. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. Ceftazidime (CAZ) and CZON were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/mi. Penicillins except mecillinam (MPC) were not so active showing the MIC₉₀s of 32μg/ml or above.<BR>7.Klebsiella pneumoniae<BR>FMOX, CMX, cefixime (CFIX), IPM, CRMN and NFLX showed the highest activities against K. pneumoniae. The MIC90s of them were 0.125μg/ml or below. CZON and OFLX were also active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.25μg/ml. Penicillins except MPC showed lower activities. All other agents were active with the MIC₉₀s of 4μg/ml or below.<BR>8.Enterobacter cloacae<BR>IPM and OFLX showed the highest activities against E. cloacae. The MIC₉₀s of them were 0.25μg/ml. The followings, gentamicin (GM) and NFLX were active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.5μg/ml. Penicillins and cephems generally showed lower activities.<BR>9.Proteus mirabilis<BR>Most of the agents were active against P.mirabilis. Cephems were generally active with the MIC₉₀s in a range of ≤0.125μg/ml-4μg/ml. CRMN, NFLX and CPFX were active with the MIC₉₀s of 0.125μg/ml or below. However MPC and MINO were not so active with the MIC90s of 32 fig/mi.