Effectiveness of an occupational therapy program for health promotion among healthy elderly A randomized controlled trial

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  • KAWAMATA Hironori
    Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
  • YAMADA Takashi
    Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
  • KOBAYASHI Norikazu
    Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University

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  • 健康高齢者に対する予防的・健康増進作業療法プログラムの効果　ランダム化比較試験
  • ケンコウ コウレイシャ ニ タイスル ヨボウテキ ・ ケンコウ ゾウシン サギョウ リョウホウ プログラム ノ コウカ : ランダムカ ヒカク シケン

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Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an occupational therapy program for health promotion among healthy elderly by a randomized controlled trial.<br/>Methods Participants were 220 community-dwelling healthy elderly, 65 years of age or older. They were assigned randomly to: an experimental group receiving a 15–session MOHO program consisting of lectures and seminars about personal causation, values, interests, roles, habits, motor skills, process skills, communication and interaction skills, and environment; a control group which received a 15–session crafts program or no treatment. Quality of life was compared between groups using the MOS 36–Item Short–Form Health Survey (SF–36), WHO/QOL–26 (QOL26) and Life Satisfaction Index Z. The Fisher's exact test and the t-test were used to assess differences between the two groups.<br/>Results The follow-up rates for the experimental and control groups were 71% and 72%. The experimental group comprised 80 people (mean age±SD, 71.1±4.68 years) and the control group 79 (71.4±4.66 years). Mean change of the following items for the experimental group was significantly greater from that of the control group: a BP of SF–36 (P=0.05); and an environment score of QOL26 (P=0.02).<br/>Conclusion The findings provide evidence that the MOHO program can meet coping and influence needs, thus improving QOL. We further conclude that the MOHO program is an effective interventional method for improvement of literacy about health and occupation.

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