The 2014 measles outbreak in Osaka　An epidemiological study for the elimination of measles

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  • YAGI Yoshina
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Yagi Pediatric Clinic
  • HIGASHINO Hirohiko
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Higashino Clinic
  • YOSHIDA Hideki
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Osaka City Public Health Office
  • HIROKAWA Hidetetsu
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Osaka City Public Health Office
  • OKUMACHI Akinori
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Osaka City Public Health Office
  • TAKANO Masako
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Takatsuki City Public Health Office
  • NOBUTA Mari
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Higashi-Osaka City Public Health Office
  • MATUOKA Taro
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Toyonaka City Public Health Office
  • SASAI Yasunori
    The Analysis Committee on Infectious Disease Surveillance at Osaka Prefecture, Japan Hirakata City Public Health Office
  • FUKUSHIMA Wakaba
    Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Faculty of Medicine
  • TANAKA Tomoyuki
    Hidaka General Hospital

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Other Title
  • 大阪府における2014年の麻疹の発生動向のまとめ　麻疹排除に向けて
  • オオサカフ ニ オケル 2014ネン ノ ハシカ ノ ハッセイ ドウコウ ノ マトメ : ハシカ ハイジョ ニ ムケテ

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Objectives To examine and analyze the spread of measles in Osaka in 2014 and determine effective measures to prevent such occurrences.<br/>Methods We analyzed 47 cases of measles reported in Osaka, including one measles patient living in another prefecture where there was an outbreak. We focused on age distribution, the number of patients reported each week, estimated infection routes, history of measles vaccination, detection of viruses, and number of days it took to report the case after the onset of measles.<br/>Results Patients aged 20-39 years accounted for 24 cases (51.1%). The number of patients reported started from 2nd week with relatively broad peak to 27th week, and the measles epidemic was brought under control in the 47th week. Among the 47 cases, no source could be identified in 16 cases (34.0%). Household exposure was the main cause of the infection (25.5%), followed by imported cases (21.3%). Eighty-three percent of the overall patients had not received a measles vaccination at all or it was unclear whether they previously had been vaccinated. Genotype B3, H1, and D8 were detected in our patients and these genotypes originated overseas. It took significantly more days, from the onset of measles, for the case to be reported in patients aged 15 years and over compared with those aged under 15 years (P=0.001).<br/>Conclusion For eradicating measles in Osaka, it is important to raise awareness about this issue among medical institutions, especially institutions for adults, in order for them to report cases as soon as possible, upon discovery in their patients. In addition, “catch-up” supplementary immunizations are effective for all people, including adults who are susceptible to measles.

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