Three-dimensional Analysis of Facial Surface Morphology in Japanese Infant

NISHIJIMA Naomi, FUKAMI Atsushi, IWASAKI Tomonori, TAKEMOTO Yoshihiko, KUBOTA Naoko, INADA Emi, IGATA Noriko, OKU Takeshi, SAITOH Issei, HAYASAKI Haruaki, YAMASAKI Youichi

doi:10.11411/jspd.47.5_726

The process of facial growth is of interest in dentistry, physical anthropology, and even industry. Several Japanese national institutes, e.g., the Advanced Industrial Science and Technology and the Research Institute of Human Engineering for Quality Life have measured and reported aspects of human body size and shape, including the facial morphology of children and adults. However, the facial morphology of infants was not included in these reports.In this study, three-dimensional facial morphological measurements of infants were performed using a three-dimensional laser surface-scanner system (VIVID 910, KONICA MINOLTA SENCING, Inc. Osaka, Japan). One hundred and twenty normal developing children (20 boys and 20 girls each at 4, 5 and 6 years of age) had their faces scanned by VIVID. Four widths (inter-Exocanthion width,inter-Endocanthion width, inter-Alar crest width and inter-Cheilion width) and 6 heights (Nasal height, upper facial height, mouth height, total facial height, lower facial height and Vermilion height) were measured.Most measurements increased with age in both boys and girls. Although significant sex-related differences were detected among the three age groups, there were no consistent tendencies. The infants'growth rates for the measurements were not the same as those of adults from the literature. [I do not understand the next sentence. Perhaps you mean : “For example, widths in the upper part of the face at four years of age are already 80% that of adults. Most measurements differed significantly between 5 and 6 years of age, but only 2 measurements differed significantly between 4 and 5 years of age. These results suggest that facial growth is not constant between 4 and 6 years of age, with rates affected by both age and sex. Further investigation may be required to elucidate characteristics of facial growth during childhood.

Three-dimensional Analysis of Facial Surface Morphology in Japanese Infant

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