A Study of Tobacco Tax Income Area Variations for Geographical Correlation Study of Health Risks

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  • 健康リスクの地理的相関研究とたばこ税収入額の地域変動

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A concern often occurs for an increase of health risks due to pollution sources such as nuclear power plant (NPP). Our purpose is to provide a reasonable interpretation for variation of health risks by calendar year and areas. Analysis by administrative area units (prefectures, municipalities) is mainly based on the 2005 Japanese census data and Tobacco Tax Card with the assumption of 29.8% smoking rate. Tobacco tax incomes were transferred to be tobacco consumption (pack per day per smoker) in each area unit adjusted daytime population. Artificial variation was seen in 2005 tobacco tax income. There were unexpected variations in the tobacco consumption of the area units (prefectures or municipalities) although smoking is habitual. Compared with those in 1995 using the smoking rate of 36.6%, the tobacco consumptions in 2005 showed a difference of 0.1 packs or more in around areas of Tokyo metropolis and Shiga prefecture. The former may be partly due to different smoking rates by area. The latter involves artificial variations. The tobacco consumption within 23 wards of Tokyo generally decreased compared with those in 1997. Eight of 17 municipalities in 2005 with NPP seemed to have changed with a difference of 0.1 packs or more compared with those in 1997. Ideally a geographical correlation study for health risks should be based on the standardized areas by direction and distance from a pollution source but it still depends on vital statistics based on administrative units. Local tobacco tax income is useful as a social-demographic factor.

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