Development of a Response Styles Questionnaire for Middle School Students

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  • Murayama Yasuo
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
  • Ito Hiroyuki
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
  • Takayanagi Nobuya
    Graduate School of Medicine Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hirosaki University
  • Matsumoto Kaori
    Graduate Program in Clinical Psychology, Kanazawa Institute of Technology
  • Tanaka Yoshihiro
    Department of Community Child Education, Nara Saho College
  • Noda Wataru
    Department of Practical School Education, Osaka Kyoiku University
  • Mochizuki Naoto
    Support Center for Campus Life, Osaka University
  • Nakajima Syunji
    Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
  • Tsujii Masatsugu
    School of Contemporary Sociology, Chukyo University

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  • 小学高学年・中学生用反応スタイル尺度の開発
  • ショウガク コウガクネン ・ チュウガクセイヨウ ハンノウ スタイル シャクド ノ カイハツ

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Abstract

Response styles may prolong and increase depression among children and adolescents. The purpose of the current study was to develop a Response Styles Questionnaire for Middle School Students (RSQ-MS), based on data from a sample of 4th through 9th grade school children (N＝5,217). Drawing on previous questionnaires which measured responses styles, a total 16 items were generated that were assumed to represent four factors: Rumination, Problem-Solving, Escape from Thinking, and Distraction. As predicted, the results of an exploratory factor analysis indicated that four factors could be derived from the RSQ-MS. Correlations among these factors were similar to the correlations found in previous related studies, and the subscales of the RSQ-MS exhibited acceptable levels of Cronbach's alpha. In addition, the Rumination subscale was positively correlated with depression and aggression, and the Problem-Solving and Distraction subscales were negatively correlated with depression and aggression. These results were in line with the results of past research, which suggests that the RSQ-MS has strong construct validity.

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