Mono- and di-carboxylic acids and mid-chain oxocarboxylic acids in the Antarctic aerosols

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  • NISHIKIORI Mutsumi
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University
  • KAWAMURA Kimitaka
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University (Present address) Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
  • HAYASHI Masahiko
    Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University
  • FUJII Yoshiyuki
    National Institute of Polar Research

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Other Title
  • 南極エアロゾル中のモノおよびジカルボン酸とオキソカルボン酸
  • ナンキョク エアロゾルチュウ ノ モノ オヨビ ジカルボンサン ト オキソカル

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Abstract

Antarctic aerosol samples collected from Syowa Station were studied for the molecular distributions of saturated and unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, α, ω-dicarboxylic acids and oxocarboxylic acids using a capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Distributions of normal saturated monocarboxylic acids (C8-C28 ; 3.4-8.1 ngm-3) showed a maximum at C16 with an even carbon number predominance, except for C9 which was more abundant than C8 and C10. Their distribution is dominated by the lower molecular weight (C12-C19) monocarboxylic acids, suggesting that the Antarctic aerosols are mostly derived from marine organisms through sea-to-air emissions. However, unsaturated monocarboxylic acids (C16:1, C18:1; 0.40-0.91 ngm-3), which are more abundant than saturated ones in marine algae, were detected at relatively low concentrations. Depletion of unsaturated acids in the aerosols can be explained by a photochemical oxidation of the acids at their double bond. This is consistent with the abundant presence of C9 α, ω-dicarboxylic acid (azelaic acid) in the Antarctic aerosols, a specific photo-oxidation product of unsaturated fatty acid where a double bond exists predominantly at C-9 position. Relative abundance of azelaic acid carbon content in total aerosol carbon content (TC) was found to be positively correlated with solar radiation. Mid-chain oxocarboxylic acids (4-oxooctanoic and 4-oxononanoic acids; 0.4-1.0 ngm-3) were also detected in the Antarctic aerosols. The 4-oxocarboxylic acids are possible precursors to the production of low molecular weight diacids such as succinic acid (C4).

Journal

  • Chikyukagaku

    Chikyukagaku 30 (1), 27-34, 1996-04-15

    The Geochemical Society of Japan

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