Analysis of Factors Influencing Injuries and Injury Prediction Model for Short-statured Elderly Female Occupants Using Accident Data

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  • 交通事故データを用いた高齢小柄女性乗員の傷害に関する影響因子の分析と傷害予測式の検討
  • コウツウ ジコ データ オ モチイタ コウレイ コガラ ジョセイ ジョウイン ノ ショウガイ ニ カンスル エイキョウ インシ ノ ブンセキ ト ショウガイ ヨソクシキ ノ ケントウ

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Abstract

In order to reduce casualties in traffic accidents, more analyses are required from the engineering and medical science viewpoints when investigating traffic accidents. One of the key methods is statistical analysis of occupant injury prediction using accident data. These days, advanced automatic collision notification（AACN）using occupant injury prediction model has been studied in order to hasten emergency rescue time or quickly determine a suitable trauma center. The author has studied occupant injury prediction methods using Japanese accident data. There are some outlier accident cases of short-statured elderly female occupants in frontal crashes in these studies. Research questions in this study, are clarified by studying the factors that influence short-statured elderly females, and their injury mechanisms in frontal crashes. In results, there are many cases of short-statured elderly female occupants with serious chest injury or minor neck injury. Seat belt use affects chest injury, and swing of head does neck injury. Analysis of odds ratio shows that chest injury is related to older age, and neck injury is related to female and short-statured. These results indicate that short-statured elderly females need optimization of seat belt design considering their body shape and tolerance. Furthermore, the injury prediction model using these accident data can suggest the higher injury risks of short-statured elderly female occupants.

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