Aspect of the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake, Japan

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  • KATO Aitaro
    Earthquake Research Institute, The University of Tokyo

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  • 2011年東北地方太平洋沖地震の特徴について
  • 2011ネン トウホク チホウ タイヘイヨウオキ ジシン ノ トクチョウ ニ ツイテ

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The 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku Earthquake (Tohoku-Oki), Japan, was the first magnitude (M) 9 subduction megathrust event to be recorded by a dense network of seismic, geodetic, and tsunami observations. I here review the Tohoku-Oki earthquake in terms of, 1) asperity model, 2) earthquake source observations, 3) precedent processes, 4) postseismic slip (afterslip). Based on finite source models of the Tohoku-Oki mainshock, the coseismic fault slip exceeded 30 m at shallow part of the subduction zone off-shore of Miyagi. The rupture reached the trench axis, producing a large uplift therein, which was likely an important factor generating devastating tsunami waves. The mainshock was preceded by slow-slip transients propagating toward the initial rupture point, which may have caused substantial stress loading, prompting the unstable dynamic rupture of the mainshock. Furthermore, a sequence of M 7-class interplate earthquakes and subsequent large afterslip events, those occurred before the mainshock rupture, might be interpreted as preparation stage of the earthquake generation. Most of slip released by the postseismic deformation following the Tohoku-Oki mainshock is located in the region peripheral to the large coseismic slip area.

Journal

  • Chikyukagaku

    Chikyukagaku 46 (2), 87-98, 2012

    The Geochemical Society of Japan

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