Naive Conception about Force and Motion and its Conceptual Change

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  • 力と運動に関する素朴概念とその改善の試み
  • チカラ ト ウンドウ ニ カンスル ソボク ガイネン ト ソノ カイゼン ノ ココロミ

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Abstract

An investigation to grasp students' naive conception about "force and motion" was carried out. Questionaires were distributed to 681 students in junior high schools and one university. By analyzing the replies to the questionaires, we find that the following are their main naive conceptions. When an object moves, the velocity of the object is directly proportional to the force acting on the object and the force is acting in the direction of the motion. It is speculated that the reason why students have these naive conceptions is the lack of a correct conception of inertial mass. These naive conceptions are based on experience of everyday life. An attempt was made to find a teaching method to replace the naive conception with a scientifically correct conception. A lesson on the motion of a falling object was conducted to teach the relationship between inertial mass and gravity acting on an object. The number of students who could correctly explain the motion increased in the class in which Atwood's device was demonstrated. Moreover, the expression "the greater the mass of an object, the more difficult for one to move the object." led to effective understanding of the motion of an object on a sloping surface.

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