Studies on Surface Sowing in Grassland Establishment : II. Making tablets with seeds by direct compression method

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  • 草地造成における表面播種法の改善 : 第2報 種子のDry Coatingの可能性
  • 種子のdry coatingの可能性
  • シュシ ノ dry coating ノ カノウセイ

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Abstract

There are some disadvantages in pelleting seeds with wet coating as there remains fears that pelleted seeds might germinate or reduce germination during storage and they are still inconvenient for mechanical seeding as their sizes and shapes vary widely according to species even if they are larger and heavier by pelleting. To avoid the moisture additives in the pellets, the author tried to apply direct compression method with the use of microcrystalline cellulose to coat the seeds mixed in tablets. Tablets were 9mm in diameter and 3mm in thickness and the weight being 200-300mg. The possibility of granulation of the tablets and its applicability for surface sowing were examined. The results are as follows: 1. Additive of twenty times in weight of seed was thought to be suitable in making tablets in case of Italian ryegrass seeds as the number of seeds in a tablet was about five. 2. The coating and disintegrations of tablets were satisfactory for germinating crimson clover seeds when the mixture of microcrystalline cellulose to peat moss powder was 50-80% to 50-20% in weight and there was not a remarkable decrease in germination because of directs compression. 3. Although the hardness of tablets were promoted by mixing granulations of peat moss, this method was not attractive as it reduced germination of crimson clover seeds. 4. Mixing concentrated superphosphate in the tablets reduced germination of Italian ryegrass, while calcium magnesite did not. Both fertilizers reduced germination of clover seeds. Mixing compound fertilizer (14-14-14) was limited to less than 1% in weight as it reduced germination severely, but adding algin (1%) recovered it. 5. Applicability of direct compression to the seeds of forage species was studied with seven cool-temperate grasses, seven cool-temperate legumes and four warm temperate grasses. The method promoted germination of alsike clover and Bermudagrass seeds only and there was some future for small seeded species such as Ladino white clover, birdsfoot trefoil and Kentucky bluegrass and it was doubtful whether the method could promote germination of orchard-grass, timothy and red clover seeds.

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