Annual Total Yield in the Double Cropping System of Green Panic or Rhodesgrass as Summer Forage and Italian Ryegrass as Winter Forage in Relation to Air Temperature

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  • 利用期間の異なるグリーンパニック・ローズグラスとイタリアンライグラスとの作付体系における総収量と気温との関係
  • リヨウ キカン ノ コトナル グリーン パニック ローズグラス ト イタリアン

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Abstract

A two-year field experiment of double cropping system (long or short summer-cropping system) with different cropping period combining green panic or rhodesgrass as a summer forage grass and Italian ryegrass as a winter forage grass was carried out to determine the annual total yields of dry matter and some nutrients, and to discuss the difference in dry matter yield between both cropping systems in relation to the air temperature. In the long summer-cropping regime winter forage grass was alternated with summer forage grass seeded early in time at the mean daily temperature of ca. 17℃ in spring, and in the short summer cropping regime the summer forage was seeded at ca. 21℃ in late spring. In both years the annual total yield of dry matter under the short summer-cropping regime averaged 300kg/a and significantly exceeded that under the short summer-cropping regime by ca. 41kg/a under the condition in this experiment. The summer-cropping regime outyielded by 60〜80% that under the short summer-cropping regime. On the contrary, the winter forage under the short summer-cropping regime showed only 20〜30% higher in dry matter yield than that under the long summer-cropping regime. A significant difference in the annual total yield of digestible dry matter was found between the cropping regimes as well as in the dry matter yield except for the rotation including green panic in the 2nd year. The similar tendency was shown in the annual total yield of crude protein. From a regression analysis of the daily dry matter production of summer forage in each harvest on the average daily mean temperature in each growth period, similar regression lines were obtained at the rising temperature period (from spring to summer) under both cropping regimes, though different linear regressions were found at the falling temperature period (from summer to autumn), showing a steeper slope under the short summer-cropping regime than under the long summer cropping regime. It was considered that the grasses, when passed initially lower temperature period of spring, could construct the production system for the regrowth after cutting, namely increases in plant height, stem number and/or root system, which might result in the response to the daily production at the falling temperature period.

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