Seasonal Trends of Tiller Emergence and Senescence in Several Temperate Herbage Grasses Grown under Sward Conditions

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  • 数種寒地型イネ科牧草における分げつの発生・消長の動態
  • Seasonal Trends of Tiller Emergence and

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Abstract

Seasonal fluctuations of tiller population and tillering patterns in timothy (Phleum pratense L., TM), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb., TF), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L., RCG) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L., OG) swards were examined under different cutting frequencies (i.e. FC=frequent, SC=standard, and LC=lenient cuttings, each harvested 8, 5, and 3 times per year, respectively). Each grass species revealed a specific tendency in tiller appearance and senescence which was mainly caused by the contrasting tiller-turnover occurred soon after harvestings. Most of existing tillers of RCG and TM lost growing activity after the cutting because of the removal of shoot apices on elongating tillers in both reproductive and vegetative states, and they were rapidly replaced with newly emerged tillers. This was categorized as alternating type of tiller composition. On the contrary, TF and OG hardly tillered during the actively growing seasons and the tiller density decreased gradually until sudden recovery of vigorous tillering in autumn. This was defined as conservative type of tiller composition.

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