Effect of Nitrogen Application in Autumn on the Growth of Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) in the Following Spring

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  • 秋の窒素肥培管理条件が翌春におけるオーチャードグラス(Dactylis glomerata L.)の生育に及ぼす影響
  • アキ ノ チッソ ヒバイ カンリ ジョウケン ガ ヨクシュン ニ オケル オー

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Effect of the ratio of nitrogen application in late autumn (autumn N) and the following early spring (spring N) on the grass growth of the first cut in the next year was compared among orchardgrass swards that were previously managed under different rate of N fertilization after the third cut in early September. Autumn N was applied in early November after the last cut (the forth cut). Spring N was applied in early April of the following year. The first cut was conducted in late May. The sum of the rate of autumn N and spring N was constant. Increasing the ratio of autumn N was beneficial to increase the density of earing tillers and total dry matter yields of the first cut in the sward that received low level of N in early September. On the other hand, more earing tillers of the first cut emerged in the sward that received higher level of N in the early September. Increasing N application rate in the early September reduced the effect of ratio of autumn N and spring N on the density of earing tillers of the first cut. Increasing the ratio of spring N resulted in higher yield of vegetative tillers and total dry matter in the sward that received higher level of N in early September. Improvement of N supplying capacity of soil in autumn by application of manure was effective to increase the density of earing tillers, same as autumn N for the sward receiving low rate of N fertilizer in early September. These results show that sufficient supply of N in autumn is necessary to emerge many earing tillers that constitute a majority in the dry matter yield of the first cut in the following spring. Therefore, enhancement of N supplying capacity of soil in autumn is important. Increasing the distribution ratio of autumn N after the last cut of the year is effective to increase the yield of grass in the following spring when the N fertility of soil in autumn is poor.

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