占領期沖縄における農林高等学校拓殖科の役割とその意義 : 拓殖科設置から廃止までの経緯を通して

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  • The Role and Significance of Emigration Studies in Agricultural High Schools in Occupied Okinawa : Details Regarding Formation to Abolition of Emigration Studies
  • センリョウキ オキナワ ニ オケル ノウリン コウトウ ガッコウ タクショクカ ノ ヤクワリ ト ソノ イギ タクショクカ セッチ カラ ハイシ マデ ノ ケイイ オ トオシテ

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説明

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the place of post-war Okinawan emigration education through a consideration of Emigration Studies in agricultural high schools, from it formation to its abolition, and how it relates to the state of emigration in Occupation-era Okinawa. It was necessary to resume emigration in post-war Okinawa, because of a rapid population increase. However, the legal and national status of Okinawan emigrants during the U.S. Occupation was uncertain, particularly for those residing in Bolivia. In light of this situation, Emigration Studies programs in agricultural high schools were established in 1958, with a curriculum designed to cultivate high-level agricultural skills in potential emigrants. Regarding Emigration Studies focused on practical training, that sought to develop and cultivate pioneering skills and spirit needed in land reclamation and surveying. However, by the late 1960s, Okinawan emigration declined rapidly, spurring the need refocus agricultural education on an increasing number of Japanese emigrant returnees. As a consequence, Emigration Studies was integrated into other subjects and abolished in 1972. In conclusion, Emigration Studies in agricultural high schools facilitated the training of skilled emigrants in occupied Okinawa, reflecting the implementation of systematic emigrant education within post-war Okinawan high school education.

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