戦時期南洋群島における資源開発・要塞化とその帰結 : 境界を生きた沖縄の人びとに着目して(2013年度シンポジウム 日本帝国圏における農業資源開発-「資源化」と総力戦体制の比較史-)

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Resource Development, Fortification and the Consequences in Micronesia under the Wartime : Focusing on Okinawan Immigrants lived in the Border Area(Symposium-2013- Agricultural Resource Development of Japanese Imperial Sphere: A Comparative History of "Resourcing" and the Total War System)
  • 戦時期南洋群島における資源開発・要塞化とその帰結 : 境界を生きた沖縄の人びとに着目して
  • センジキ ナンヨウ グントウ ニ オケル シゲン カイハツ ・ ヨウサイカ ト ソノ キケツ : キョウカイ オ イキタ オキナワ ノ ヒトビト ニ チャクモク シテ

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抄録

The subject on this paper is to discuss how the Japanese Government and the Japanese Micronesia Agency developed islands and their resources and how the Japanese Army build army bases in Micronesia under the wartime (1937-1944), focusing on Okinawan immigrants. The results of the study are as follows. First, the resource development project which formulated under the wartime was carried out while changing the basic policy without showing consistency every time the Japanese Government changed the relation with Southeast Asia. Because Micronesia was only the base to advance into Southeast tropical where resources were abundant for exploitation. Therefore, while the islands and their tropical resources in Micronesia was exploited as necessary until the Japanese Army advanced to Southeast Asia, immediately lost the significance of existence after it occupied there. Secondly, as resource development and fortification were carried out, Japanese immigrants, especially Okinawan rising generation increased and took a variety of jobs in every island. Since early in the Japanese Mandate, Okinawan immigrants were thought highly as sugar cane farmer and bonito fisherman in a tropical climate and employed by Japanese companies. In the wartime, in addition to companies, the Japanese Micronesia Agency began to recruit Okinawan rising generation who can immediately contribute to resource development project. Eventually, they were mobilized for battle on islands by both of the Japanese Army and the American army. Thirdly, aged persons, women and children regarded as encumbrance to the project were sent back to the main islands of Japan. The Japanese army and the Japanese Micronesia Agency intended to decrease population of them, because soldiers in islands increased immediately in 1943-1944 and the problem of food shortages arose. Consequently, Okinawan aged persons, women and children who went back to homeland were involved in the Battle of Okinawa in 1945. They were damaged directly by worsening of condition of the war and experienced suffering which is different from that of Okinawan rising generations.

収録刊行物

  • 農業史研究

    農業史研究 48 (0), 15-28, 2014

    日本農業史学会

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