"Relationship of Weeki and Shikama" in Ryukyu's Modern Era(Symposium-2007- On Brown-Sugar Market Control by Sugar Merchants in Modern Okinawa)

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  • 近代沖縄の土地問題 : ウェーキ=シカマ関係について(2007年度シンポジウム 近代沖縄農業史の再検討)
  • 近代沖縄の土地問題--ウェーキ=シカマ関係について
  • キンダイ オキナワ ノ トチ モンダイ ウェーキ シカマ カンケイ ニ ツイテ

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It is seen on the so called "Relationship of Weeki and Shikama" that a relationship concern on farmland in Ryukyu's Modern Era. In Ryukyu's Early-Modern Era, former Modern Era, Ryukyu's Kingdom ordered its people to pay tax by products such as rice and beans. Upon the order of the kingdom administration, leaders of the local areas commanded their farmers to produce rice and beans, or substitutive products such as brown sugar and textile goods. Japanese new power, Meiji Government, first, changed Ryukyu's kingdom to Ryukyu-Han in 1872, second, conquered it in 1879. Okinawa Prefecture of Japan was born. But, the government did not reformed the custom and practice of the Ryukyus for about 20 years. The government avoided radical reform. Meiji government reformed the custom and practice of the Ryukyus, not radically, but slowly. In 1899, the government carried out resolutely the reform, and decided acreage, land price, tax, and its owner of each land. All people due to tax by cash in accordance with their land ownership. Each people should be earned money independently, and pay tax. But they cannot. They ask for former leaders of the local areas to pay tax, and due to work for them. These leaders become "Weeki", and people become "Shikama". "Weeki" is a landowner and instructor of work of local people, "Shikama". "Relationship of Weeki and Shikama" was started.

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