メアリー・シドニー訳Psalmesにおける罪と女性 : Psalm 58とPsalm 82の考察より(中国四国英文学研究)

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  • Sin and Women in Mary Sidney's Psalmes : Psalms 58 and 82(Chugoku-Shikoku Studies in English Literature)
  • メアリー・シドニー訳Psalmesにおける罪と女性 : Psalm 58とPsalm 82の考察より
  • メアリー ・ シドニー ヤク Psalmes ニ オケル ツミ ト ジョセイ : Psalm 58 ト Psalm 82 ノ コウサツ ヨリ

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Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, completed translating The Psalmes of David by 1599 after her brother, Philip, died with his translation of the biblical text unfinished. The Psalmes has garnered attention, especially for Mary's alterations of verse form and meter. This book has been highly praised by many writers for adopting various verse forms. For this reason, criticism has been mainly concentrated on its sources and on comparison with other texts of the same period. However, when we examine Mary's translation, it becomes clear that her alteration is not limited to the poetic technique. Gender alteration is remarkable in some parts where women and sin are associated. Such alteration cannot be found in other translations or commentaries which are considered to be her primary sources. Among the 150 psalms of Sidney's translation, Psalm 58 has been frequently discussed due to its furious imagery of miscarriages showing David's anger at unjust judges. Compared with her presumed sources, the Coverdale Psalter, the Geneva Bible, the Bishops' Bible, the commentaries of Calvin and of Beze, etc., it is appropriate to say that Mary intended to delete descriptions which associate women with sin. This paper aims to point out Mary's alteration, which dissociates women from sin, through examining Psalm 58. This argument is also done by analyzing Psalm 82 whose theme is quite similar to Psalm 58. In contrast to Psalm 58, Mary added some descriptions to Psalm 82 in order to associate men with sin. In the last two sections, I will find out the "hidden" reasons why she altered descriptions in translation in the context of her writing and circulation. Her poem for Queen Elizabeth affixed to one of the manuscripts proves that Mary tried to dedicate The Psalmes to the queen in 1599, though her attempt failed. In addition, Mary did not publish this work, but only circulated it with limited readership. From these facts, I will argue the possibility of the relation between her alteration and the queen.

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