横長窓を有するコンクリート建物の火災実験

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  • An Experimental Fire in a Room with a Large Opening
  • ヨコナガ マド オ ユウスル コンクリート タテモノ ノ カサイ ジッケン

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An experimental fire has been made three times in a reinforced concrete room, 5m long × 1.67m wide × 2.5m high, with a large opening, 3m long × 1m high. In the fist test internal linings of any kinds were not used, and in the second test plywood was used for the internal linings of wall and ceiling, and in the last plywood was used for the wall and noncombustible materials for the ceiling.<br>In the first test, where no combustible linings were used, the rapid spread of flame was not observed. In the second test, where plywood internal linings were used for both wall and ceiling, as soon as the ceiling caught fire, the room reached the flash-over point very explosively and flames spurting from the opening higher than 5m along the external wall broke most of upstairs windowpanes. In the last test, where plywood internal linings were used only for wall, such an explosive flash-over as in the second test was not observed. Room temperature in each test is shown in Fig. 2 to 4.<br>In order to investigate the mechanism of heat transmission from flame into wall, a 34mm thick mortar disk was attached to the ceiling and temperature in the disk was measured. As Fig. 6 shows, λ/α (λ represents thermal conductivity, and α coefficient of heat transmission) during the tests was about 2.5mm and α 250 to 300 kcal/cm2h°C.<br>The thermal expansion of the reinforced concrete itself was remarkable ; even the undamaged beam, which was protected with the ceiling, expanded greatly as shown in Fig. 9. A number of cracks were observed during these tests. The structure was damaged seriously.

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