Big five and psychometric conditions for their extraction in Japanese

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  • 日本語におけるビッグ・ファイブとその心理測定的条件
  • ニホンゴ ニ オケル ビッグ ファイブ ト ソノ シンリ ソクテイテキ ジョウケン

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Abstract

The purpose of this research was to confirm the big five structure in Japanese language through the lexical approach. Psychometric conditions were inferred as follows : the familiarity and frequency of the words must be high and rating variance must be large. Basic trait words were selected from the Murakami (2002) list, with a criterion of no more than 13% crossing out rate, and synonyms and antonyms identified and dropped, which resulted in 554 words. They were rated by 370 university students, 150 men and 220 women. Three hundred seventeen words with high variance were selected, and with SMCs as the diagonal elements, factor analysis was performed, extracting 30 factors. The scree method suggested five factors, and orthomax rotation was applied. As a result, the big five structure emerged. In subsequent analyses, 20 highest loading words were selected for each factor, and the 100 words in total were reanalyzed, again confirming the big five structure. Principal factor analysis with oblimin rotation, applied to each set of 20 words, found activity, seclusive and restraint factors for extroversion; envy, anger and selfishness for agreeableness ; kindness, tenacity and orderliness for conscientiousness ; activity and optimism for neuroticism ; and timidity, foolishness and weak-will for intelligence. A possibility was suggested that the big five in Japanese language were somewhat different from those in English.

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