地域社会における新たな場の創造 : 公共圏構築への試行錯誤(巻町住民投票が投げかけたものと、その後…)

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  • Creation of New Space in Regional Society : Toward Construction of Public Sphere (The Case of the Town of Maki, Niigata, Where the First Referendum was Conducted in Japan: The Meaning of the Maki Case and Other "Social Movements")
  • 地域社会における新たな場の創造--公共圏構築への試行錯誤
  • チイキ シャカイ ニ オケル アラタ ナ バ ノ ソウゾウ コウキョウケン コウチク エ ノ シコウ サクゴ

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Local referendum has been used as a method to decide whether to build facilities that greatly influence regional society, for example, nuclear power plant, industrial waste treatment facilities, and military bases. In this paper, I analyze the case of Maki Town, where Japan's first referendum was held on the proposal to construct a nuclear power facility, and a majority voted against the proposal, which lead, in turn to the nuclear power facility project being abandoned. In this analysis, (1) the social network of the community, which had a significant effect on the solution process, is described, (2) the problem-solving process, and changes in the social capital and political culture as the result of this process is analyzed. (3) From the view-points mentioned, Maki's case is compared with the social protest against the plan to build nuclear facilities in Buan, North Jeolla province, South Korea, where people tried to solve the problem by the same means as that of Maki. Based on this comparative analysis, the results suggest that in local communities, public sphere are being constructed by the local residents through referendums, activating the social network.

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