Surfactant-induced Itching and the Involvement of Histamine Released from Keratinocytes

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  • Inami Yoshihiro
    Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama Hoyu Co., Ltd., Fundamental Research Laboratory
  • Andoh Tsugunobu
    Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
  • Sasaki Atsushi
    Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
  • Kuraishi Yasushi
    Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama

Bibliographic Information

Other Title
  • 界面活性剤によって誘発されるかゆみとケラチノサイト-ヒスタミン系の関与
  • カイメン カッセイザイ ニ ヨッテ ユウハツ サレル カユミ ト ケラチノサイト-ヒスタミンケイ ノ カンヨ

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  The primary function of surfactants is to remove dirt, exfoliated corneum cells, and microorganisms from the skin. However, the use of toiletries such as soaps and shampoos containing surfactants may cause adverse effects such as cutaneous irritation, dryness, and itching. Recently, skin pathologies, including dry skin, rough skin, and sensitive skin, have increased because of changes in living conditions and lifestyle. Although many people with skin pathologies complain of itching during and/or after skin washing using detergents, the mechanisms of detergent-induced itch are yet to be elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying surfactant-induced itching. We found that topical application of an anionic surfactant sodium laurate at an alkaline pH, but not N-lauroylsarcosine sodium salt at neutral pH, to mouse skin induced scratching, an itch-related response. Additionally, we found that the sodium laurate-induced scratching was inhibited by H1 histamine receptor antagonist, but not mast cell deficiency. Sodium laurate application increased histamine content and the level of the active form (53 kDa) of L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC) in the mouse epidermis, but not the dermis. Furthermore, addition of sodium laurate to a human epidermal cell culture increased histamine release and HDC levels, without affecting cell viability. These results suggest that surfactants with alkaline properties are pruritogenic and that the pruritus is induced by the histamine released from epidermal keratinocytes. The increase in histamine release may be attributable to the activation of HDC in epidermal keratinocytes.<br>

Journal

  • YAKUGAKU ZASSHI

    YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 132 (11), 1225-1230, 2012

    The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

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