The Origin of the Mouride Order : Ahmad Bamba and His Exile to Gabon

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  • KARIYA Kota
    Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, the University of Tokyo

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  • セネガル・ムリッド教団の原点 : アフマド・バンバのガボン流刑譚
  • セネガル ムリッド キョウダン ノ ゲンテン アフマド バンバ ノ ガボン ルケイタン

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Abstract

Ahmad Bamba(d. 1927), founder of the Mouride order in Senegal, was condemned to exile to Gabon in 1895, when the French authorities considered him to be a security risk for their colonial rule. Ironically enough, this exile proved to be the most important source of stories about his miracles, which, transmitted from generation to generation among the Mouride adherents, added greatly to his religious reputation. In order to describe the course of his exile, I would like to analyze such "inside" materials as Bamba's own works and his disciples' biographies of him, in contrast with most researchers who based their studies on "outside" materials represented by colonial archives. My analysis shows not only the fact that the colonial authorities did not necessarily play a decisive role in the process of making a political decision, but also the religious as well as political viewpoints of local Muslims under colonial rule.

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