Heterogeneity and permeability of shallow marine depositional facies of the Upper Pleistocene Kioroshi Formation, northern Boso Peninsula, Japan.

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  • 浅海成堆積相の不均質性と透水性　　千葉県北部，上部更新統木下層を例として
  • センカイセイ タイセキソウ ノ フキンシツセイ ト トウスイセイ チバケン ホクブ ジョウブ コウシントウ キオロシソウ オ レイ ト シテ

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Abstract

The upper Pleistocene shallow marine deposits defined as the Kioroshi Formation in the northern Shimosa Upland, Boso Peninsula of Japan, consist mainly of thick sands and locally intercalated gravel and mud beds. These sandstone-dominated shallow marine deposits are an important aquifer in this area and were investigated in terms of three-dimensional heterogeneity of lithofacies and permeability for characterizing hydrogeologic processes of the aquifer sediments.Three major lithofacies, i.e., hummocky cross-stratified sands (HCSS) (lower shoreface), trough cross-stratified sands (TCSS) (upper shoreface), and planar-stratified sands (PSS) (foreshorebackshore), were mainly analyzed in the present study. Heterogeneity of lithofacies was identified based upon variations in inclined directions of lamina planes (IDLP). HCSS are characterized by the most variable IDLP and are the most isotropic. IDLP of PSS are more consistent and indicate that PSS are the most anisotropic. TCSS are characterized by IDLP intermediate between those of HCSS and PSS. Heterogeneity of permeability of the three lithofacies was analyzed in terms of hydraulic conductivity (HC) of three different directions, i. e., vertical (VD), parallel to dip direction of lamina plane (DL), and parallel to strike direction of lamina plane (SL). In general, HC increase in response to the increase in both average grain size and sorting. TCSS and HCSS are characterized, respectively, by the highest and lowest HC and PSS are intermediate. Furthermore, HC of VD is the lowest and about half of other directions.On the other hand, there is not much difference between other two directions. Detailed investigation of three-dimensional heterogeneity of lithofacies and permeability of shallow marine sands, therefore, is interpreted to be very important for characterizing transmissivity anisotropy of aquifer sediments.

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