Venom and Antivenom of the Redback Spider (Latrodectus hasseltii) in Japan(Part 1)Venom Extraction, Preparation, and Laboratory Testing

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  • Matsumura Takayuki
    Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Mashiko Reona
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Sato Tomomi
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Itokawa Kentaro
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Maekawa Yoshihide
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Ogawa Kohei
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Isawa Haruhiko
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Yamamoto Akihiko
    Division of Biosafety Control and Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Mori Shigemi
    The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken)
  • Horita Akira
    The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken)
  • Ginnaga Akihiro
    The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken)
  • Miyatsu Yoshinobu
    The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kaketsuken)
  • Takahashi Motohide
    Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency
  • Taki Hisashi
    Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
  • Hifumi Toru
    Kagawa University Hospital Emergency Medical Center
  • Sawabe Kyoko
    Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases
  • Ato Manabu
    Department of Immunology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases

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タイトル別名
  • Venom and Antivenom of the Redback Spider (<i>Latrodectus hasseltii</i>) in Japan. Part I. Venom Extraction, Preparation, and Laboratory Testing

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<p>The redback spider (Latrodectus hasseltii Thorell) reportedly invaded Japan in September 1995. To date, 84 redback spider bite cases have been reported; 7 of these cases employed the antivenom. Antivenom has been imported from Australia in the past, but because of restrictions on exportation it was evident that nearly all of the antivenom present in Japan would expire during 2014. In 2014, a plan was proposed to experimentally manufacture and stockpile a horse antiserum for ourselves, using redback spiders indigenous to Japan. A total of 11,403 female spiders were captured alive: 1,217 from the vicinity of Nishinomiya City, Hyogo prefecture, and 10,186 from Osaka prefecture. Of these, 10,007 females were dissected, and the venom was extracted from the venom glands of individuals and subjected to crude purification to yield 4 lots, of which the majority was α-latrotoxin. Among them, a large amount of single lots with an estimated protein content of 236 mg is subsequently scheduled to be used for immunizing horses. We also determined lethal toxicity of the venom (LD50: 9.17 μg per mouse), and established the assay for the determination of an anti-lethal titer of antivenom in mice.</p>

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