Coexistence of Avian Influenza Virus H10 and H9 Subtypes among Chickens in Live Poultry Markets during an Outbreak of Infection with a Novel H10N8 Virus in Humans in Nanchang, China

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  • Hu Maohong
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Li Xiaodan
    National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission
  • Ni Xiansheng
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Wu Jingwen
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Gao Rongbao
    National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission
  • Xia Wen
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Wang Dayan
    National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission
  • He Fenglan
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Chen Shengen
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Liu Yangqing
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Guo Shuangli
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Li Hui
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Shu Yuelong
    National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission
  • Bethel Jeffrey W.
    School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University
  • Liu Mingbin
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Moore Justin B.
    Department of Health Promotion, Education & Behavior & Office of Public Health Practice and Community Engagement, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina
  • Chen Haiying
    Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention

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Infection with the novel H10N8 virus in humans has raised concerns about its pandemic potential worldwide. We report the results of a cross-sectional study of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) in live poultry markets (LPMs) in Nanchang, China, after the first human case of H10N8 virus infection was reported in the city. A total of 201 specimens tested positive for AIVs among 618 samples collected from 24 LPMs in Nanchang from December 2013 to January 2014. We found that the LPMs were heavily contaminated by AIVs, with H9, H10, and H5 being the predominant subtypes and more than half of the LPMs providing samples that were positive for the H10 subtype. Moreover, the coexistence of different subtypes was common in LPMs. Of the 201 positive samples, 20.9% (42/201) had mixed infections with AIVs of different HA subtypes. Of the 42 mixed infections, 50% (21/42) showed the coexistence of the H9 and H10 subtypes, with or without H5, and were from chicken samples. This indicated that the H10N8 virus probably originated from segment reassortment of the H9 and H10 subtypes.

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