Amikacin (B8-K8) に関する基礎的ならびに臨床的研究

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  • EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL STUDIES ON AMIKACIN (BB-K8)
  • Amikacin BB K8 ニ カンスル キソテキ ナラビニ リンショウテキ

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The experimental and clinical studies on amikacin, a new derivative of kanamycin, were made. The results obtained were as follows.<BR>1) The antibacterial activity of amikacin against the clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was compared with those of DKB and GM. Thirty-two out of 36 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were inhibited by 1.56 to 25 μg/ml, with a peak distribution at 3.12 μg/ml.<BR>This antibacterial activity was considerably inferior to that of DKB and GM each. Forty out of 42 strains of E. coli were inhibited by 1.56 to 12.5 μg/ml. This antibacterial activity was slightly inferior to that of DKB and considerably inferior to that ofGM. Eighteen strains of Klebsiella were inhibited by 1.56 to 12.5 μg/ml. In this case, the antibacterial activities of amikacin and DKB were almost the same, while GM was more active than amikacin.<BR>Nine out of 10 strains of Proteus were inhibited by 3.12 to 12.5 μg/ml. In this case, the antibacterial activities of amikacin, DKB and GM were almost the same. Twelve strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were inhibited by 3.12 to 50 μg/ml. In this case, the antibacterial activities of amikacin and DKB were almost the same, while amikacin was considerably less active than GM.<BR>2) The peak serum concentration of amikacin administered intramuscularly to healthy adults was observed after one hour of dosing. The mean concentration level of two volunteers administered amikacin at a dose of 200 mg was 9.9 μg/ml and that of three volunteers administered amikacin at a dose of 100 mg was 5.6 μg/ml. Then, these concentration levels decreased gradually. The former reached to 1.9 μg/ml 6 hours after dosing and the latter to 1.2 μg/ml. The urinary recovery of amikacin within 6 hours of dosing was 60% or so.<BR>3) Amikacin at a daily dose of 200-400 mg was administered to 9 patients, 7 with respiratory tract infections, 1 with urinary tract infections and 1 with intestinal tract infections. The effects and side-effects of amikacin were as follows. Bacteriologically, response was effective in 3, ineffective in 5 and unknown in 1. Clinically, response was effective in 4, and slightly effective in 3. No side-effects were observed.

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