ラット骨強度および骨格筋ミトコンドリア容量密度に及ぼすカルシウム（過剰と欠乏）と持久運動の影響

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  • Calcium-supplementation- and Exercise-induced Alterations in Bone and Mitochondria of Skeletal Muscle Fibers in Rats
  • ラットコツ キョウド オヨビ コッカクキン ミトコンドリア ヨウリョウ ミツド ニ オヨボス カルシウム カジョウ ト ケツボウ ト ジキュウ ウンドウ ノ エイキョウ

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of calcium (Ca) supplementation and prolonged exercise on bone strength and the mitochondrial volume density (MVD) of skeletal muscle fibers in young-adult rats. Thirty-six female rats were divided into three calcium-altered groups (low, 0.02%-LCa; medium, 0.74%-MCa; high, 2.24% wt/wt-HCa), which were further subdivided into the no-exercise (NEx) and exercise (Ex) groups. The Ex groups performed running exercise at a speed of 10m/min for 90-180min/ day, for six weeks. Bone strength in the LCa groups significantly decreased by 16.3-23.4% compared with the MCa groups. However, the rate of reduction in bone strength increased by 43.3% in response to running exercise without any decrease in serum Ca2+ concentration compared with the reduction rate between the NEx groups (LCa-NEx vs MCa-NEx) and the Ex groups (LCa-Ex vs MCa-Ex). Exercise training induced a significant increase in MVD in the soleus muscle cells of all Ex groups. The MVDs of both the slow-twitch oxidative and fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibers in the soleus muscle of the NEx groups were not influenced by dietary calcium content, but MVD for the Ex groups further increased significantly with increasing dietary calcium content (HCa>MCa>LCa). These results suggest that a low-calcium diet impairs metabolism in both skeletal muscle and bone tissues. The HCa diet along with exercise training further upregulated skeletal muscle and bone metabolism, whereas the LCa diet inhibited it to induce a training effect.

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