アサツキの系統間変異に関する細胞遺伝学的研究

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タイトル別名
  • Cytogenetic Studies on the Variation among Strains of Asatsuki, Allium schoenoprasum L. Collected in Japan.
  • アサツキ ノ ケイトウカン ヘンイ ニ カンスル サイボウ イデンガクテキ ケ

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A cytogenetic investigation was carried out for elucidating the variation among 38 cultivated or native strains of asatsuki (including Allium schoenoprasum L. var. foliosum Regel) grown in various places in Japan.<BR>1. The somatic chromosome numbers of 29 strains were 16, 16 + 1 B (diploid), and those of 9 strains were 24 (triploid).<BR>2. C-banded karyotypes of 17 diploid strains were divided broadly into two types, "A" and "B", based on the overall banding pattern of 8 V-shaped chromosomes which were distinguishable from each other. Some chromosomes of the "A" -type strains exhibited a variation of banded figures. Five of 6 triploid strains had almost similar C-banded karyotypes in which 12 V-shaped chromosomes were distinguishable from each other.<BR>3. Meioses in pollen mother cells were normal in 7 diploid strains, whereas abnormal meioses occurred after the tetrad stage in 2 strains which considerably reduced pollen fertility. The mean frequency of chromosome pairing of one triploid strain was 6.68III + 1.32II + 1.32I at meiotic metaphase-I ; subsequent chromosome behavior was irregular.<BR>4. Pollen fertilities varied among diploid strains ; normal (90.198.2%, 18 strains), reduced (69.885.2%, 4 strains), and considerably reduced (7.928.0%, 5 strains). Those of 5 triploid strains ranged from 63.2 to 86.9%.<BR>5. Seed setting capacity (number of germinable seeds per flower) ranged from 0 to 0.54 among 19 diploid strains, whereas it was 0 to 0.05 among 6 triploid strains.<BR>6. Based on the C-banded karyotypes, meiotic behaviors and pollen fertilities, 9 of 12 "A" -type strains had 8 pairs of homologous chromosomes ; 5 "B" -type strains had heterozygous C-banded karyotypes. The pollen fertility and seed setting capacity of the latter were considerably lower than those of the former.<BR>Our research discloses that strains of asatsuki are cytogenetically diverse and that they can be effectively classified accordingly.

収録刊行物

  • 園芸学会雑誌

    園芸学会雑誌 64 (2), 339-349, 1995

    一般社団法人　園芸学会

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