Pigments of lily flowers. II

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  • 花ユリの花色分析 II
  • 花ユリの花色分析-2-カロチノイドについて
  • ハナ ユリ ノ ハナイロ ブンセキ 2 カロチノイド ニ ツイテ
  • Pigments of lily flowers. II. Survey of carotenoid
  • Survey of carotenoid

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Abstract

It has been demonstrated that the pigment composition in lily flowers has been associated with the several horticultural problems, e. g., a) cross-incompatibility, b) fading of flower color (e. g. Lilium brownii var. brownii), c) breeding of new flower color.<br>In the previous paper(3), the author reported that the anthocyanins in lily flowers were keracyanin (Cyanidin-3-rutinoside) and a minor anthocyanin.<br>In the present paper, experiments were made to identify carotenoid pigments in flowers of 21 different kinds of lily by the thin layer chromatographic and column chromatographic separation, and subsequent spectrophotometric partition test and color test. The results obtained were as follows:<br>1. The carotenoids identified in 18 varieties out of 21, were β-carotene, cryptoxanthin, echinenone-like carotenoid, zeaxanthin, capsanthin and capsorubin.<br>2. The phenotipic pigments of the yellow flowered natural species (L. hansonii, L. tigrinum var. flavifiorum) were β-carotene, cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin. On the basis of their compositions, the orange flowered natural species were classified into 2 groups, namely one containing echinenone-like carotenoid to which 2 species (L. dauricum, L. henryi) belonged, the other containing capsanthin and capsorubin were found 5 species (L. pumilum, L. amabile, L. maculatum, L. tigrinum, L. leichtlinii var. maximowiczii).<br>3. The carotenoid found in 2 inter-specific hybrid lilies (L. maculatum cv.‘Chigusa’, L. umbellatum cv. ‘Vermilion Brilliant’) were echinenone-like carotenoid, capsanthin and capsorubin.<br>4. The co-existence of anthocyanin and carotenoid was not recognized in the orange flowered natural species with the exception of L. tigrinum. On the other hand, these two pigments co-existed in 3 inter-specific hybrid lilies (L. maculatum cv. ‘Chigusa’, L. umbellatum cv. Vermilion Brilliant′, L.‘Hagoromo’).<br>5. From the fact above mentioned, the pigment composition of lily flowers was not always associated with the cross-incompatibilily between anthocyanin and carotenoid lily groups.

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