わい性台木を中間台木と台木に用いたリンゴ樹‘ふじ’の根群分布と生育

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タイトル別名
  • Studies on Root System and Growth of 'Fuji' Apple Trees on Dwarfing Interstock and Rootstocks.
  • ワイセイ ダイギ オ チュウカン ダイギ ト ダイギ ニ モチイタ リンゴ ジ

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Two experiments were conducted to test the influence of the dwarfing rootstock, M. 26, as an interstock and rootstock on the growth of 'Fuji' apple trees at Nagano Fruit Tree Experiment Station. In experiment 1, half of the trees of the scion/interstock/rootstock combinations of 'Fuji'/M. 26/Marubakaido N1 (Malus prunifolia var. ringo Asami) were planted such that the interstock was half-buried; in the other group, the interstock was exposed. The trees were examined when 7-year-old. In experiment 2, the effect of the length of M. 26 rootstock was studied. The excavation method was used to observe the root system.<BR>Experiment 1. The 7-year-old 'Fuji' apple tree in which 30 cm long interstocks were half-buried or entirely exposed had top/root (T/R) ratios of 2, 92 and 1.99, respectively. The decrease in T/R ratio when the M. 26 interstock was exposed may be due to root growth inhibition which is attributed to the shallow planting. In brown gravelly lowland soil with a effective soil layer 50-60 cm in depth, most of the roots of Marubakaido N1 rootstock or M. 26 interstock developed horizontally within 30 cm of the soil surface; more than 95% of the root weight was found within a depth of 60 cm. On trees in which the M. 26 interstocks were half-buried, the growth of the nursery-originated roots were replaced after a few years by new roots emerging near the soil surface from the M. 26 interstock. Root systems of apple trees on dwarfing interstocks planted at a 1.5×4 m spacing distance develop more vigorously in the between-row area instead of in the in-row area. This growth habit is attributed to root competition which minimized root entanglement.<BR>Experiment 2. On 5-year-old 'Fuji' apple trees with M. 26 rootstocks 18 or 48 cm in length, the top weight and root system of trees with the short rootstock was greater than those trees with a long rootstock.<BR>We conclude from these results that 'Fuji' apple trees with M. 26 interstock or root-stock should be grown as trees with 30 to 40 cm length in the nursery and that they be transplanted in the orchard with the graft union, the upper one where the interstock is present, 10 to 15 cm above the ground.

収録刊行物

  • 園芸学会雑誌

    園芸学会雑誌 62 (1), 49-54, 1993

    一般社団法人　園芸学会

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