Properties of Pollen Tube Growth Inhibitors Extracted from Grape Pistils

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  • ブドウ雌ずいに含まれる花粉管生長阻害物質の特性
  • ブドウ シズイ ニ フクマレル カフンカン セイチョウ ソガイ ブッシツ ノ

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Abstract

Grape pistils contain pollen tube growth inhibitors. Their activity is more remarkable in tetraploid cultivars such as ‘Centennial’ and ‘Pione’ than in diploid ones as ‘Muscat of Alexandria’. To examine the properties of these inhibitors, we extracted pistils or separated styles and ovaries with 20 times the volume of cold water, and tested the effects of heat and pH on the inhibitory activity. Dialysis against water and successive extraction with several kinds of organic solvents were also conducted.<br>1. Heating the extracts of each cultivar at 100°C for 10 minutes in water bath did not lower the inhibitory activity. The activity was also not affected by pH in the range of 5.0-6.0 where pollen could germinate properly on a culture medium tested.<br>2. Most of the inhibitors in the extracts either from ovaries of ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ or from styles and ovaries of ‘Pione’ moved into the outer dialysate. About half of the inhibitors extracted from styles or ovaries of ‘Centennial’, however, remained in the inner dialysate.<br>3. Successive extraction of freeze-dried water extracts with hexan, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water revealed that most of the inhibitors from the styles or ovaries of ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ and ‘Pione’ were soluble in ethanol and water, though a few were soluble in hexane. Inhibitors extracted from the styles of ‘Centennial’, however, were mainly water soluble, and those from the ovaries were soluble in all the solvents used, though a large percentage of them were dissolved by ethanol and water.<br>4. These results suggest that pollen tube growth inhibitors involved in grape pistils are mainly composed of low molecular compounds that are rather stable to heat and pH levels, and are mostly hydrophilic. High molecular compounds also play a role in inhibiting pollen tube growth in the pistils of ‘Centennial’.

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