Cold Hardiness of Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) Buds in Relation to Dormancy Release and Temperature Conditioning.

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  • カキの耐凍性における休眠覚醒と温度環境との関係について
  • Cold hardiness of persimmon Diospyros k

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Abstract

Using persimmon (Diospyros kaki cv. Hiratanenashi) buds collected in Yamagata, Kyoto, and Kochi Prefectures in Japan having different climate, the effect of bud dormancy and temperature conditionings (high temperature, 25°C ; low temperature, 4°C) on the bud cold hardiness was studied. Additionally, the same temperature conditionings were applied to 'Hiratanenashi' and 'Fuyu' buds whose dormancy release was delayed with 100 ppm gibberellic acid (GA3). Evaluation of cold hardiness was conducted on the buds using microcomputer-based thermal analysis. The dormancy release of 'Hiratanenashi' bud from Yamagata Prefecture, where mean air temperature during the winter was 2 to 3°C lower than Kyoto and Kochi Prefectures, was completed in late November, whereas that of the other locations occurred in late December. Irrespective of locations, the buds showed the same seasonal pattern, being hardiest in late January. Neither the low nor the high temperature conditionings had an effect on the bud cold hardiness during the deep dormant period at all locations. After the release from bud dormancy was induced, the high temperature conditioning decreased the bud cold hardiness by a maximum of 4°C, whereas the low temperature conditioning increased the bud cold hardiness by a maximum of 1.5°C. Two foliar applications of GA in the fall to 'Hiratanenashi' and 'Fuyu' delayed the release of bud dormancy 12 and 8 days, respectively. As with untreated 'Hiratanenashi' buds from different locations, GA-treated 'Hiratanenashi' and 'Fuyu' buds responded to the temperature conditionings only after the buds were released from dormancy. Likewise, potted 'Hiratanenashi' trees in Kyoto, subjected to the temperature conditionings, did not respond to cold hardiness conditionings until the bud dormancy release was completed.

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