Dietary 5-Campestenone (Campest-5-en-3-one) Enhances Fatty Acid Oxidation in Perfused Rat Liver

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  • TAMARU Shizuka
    Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
  • SUZUKI Yo
    Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
  • SAKONO Masanobu
    Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
  • FUKUDA Nobuhiro
    Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki
  • IKEDA Ikuo
    Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University
  • KONNO Rie
    Technoflora Co. and Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN
  • SHIMIZU Takeshi
    Technoflora Co. and Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN
  • SUZUKI Kunio
    Technoflora Co. and Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN

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The effect of dietary 5-campestenone (campest-5-en-3-one), a chemical modification product of a naturally-occurring plant sterol, campesterol, on lipid metabolism was examined using a rat liver perfusion system. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 140 g were fed a diet supplemented with or without 0.2% 5-campestenone for 14 d. 5-Campestenone feeding resulted in a marked reduction in the concentrations of serum lipids, such as triacylglycerol (TG), cholesterol, phospholipid, and free fatty acid, without influencing food intake or growth. Then, isolated livers from both groups were perfused for 4 h in the presence of an exogenous linoelaidic acid substrate. Dietary 5-campestenone markedly elevated hepatic ketone body production, while cumulative secretions of TG, cholesterol, and phospholipid by the livers of rats fed 5-campestenone were all significantly lowered as compared to those fed without the compound; the extent of the reduction was more prominent in the secretion of TG than other lipid components. In addition, the reduction of TG secretion was concomitantly accompanied by the reduced incorporation of both exogenous and endogenous fatty acids into this lipid molecule. These results suggest that dietary 5-campestenone exerts its hypotriglyceridemic effect, at least, in part through an enhanced metabolism of endogenous and exogenous fatty acids to oxidation at the expense of esterification in rat liver.

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