Relationships of Nutrient Intake and Lifestyle-Related Factors to Serum Folate and Plasma Homocysteine Concentrations in 30-69 Year-Old Japanese

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We studied non-hospitalized 30-69 y-old Japanese subjects to ascertain the influences of a 677C-T methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype, nutri-tional intake and lifestyle-related factors on plasma homocysteine (Hcys) and serum folate concentrations. Hcys was higher and serum folate was lower in males than in females (p<0, 01). The Hcys concentration was higher in the VV group than in the AA and AV groups for both males and females. However, a relatively low serum folate concentration of 18±7 nmol/L was found in the entire male group as compared with 22±10 nmol/L in all females. In the female subjects, serum folate concentrations differed among MTHFR geno-types, being lowest in the VV group. In all male subjects, log folate intake per 1, 000 kcal was a significant positive predictor of log serum folate concentration (p<0.01), while in females the log vitamin C intake per standard body weight was a significant positive variable (p<0.001) predicting the log serum folate concentration. Smokers had significantly lower serum folate concentrations, regardless of dietary folate intake. High folate and vitamin C consumptions, appears to be beneficial to normal and heterozygous MTHF genotype sub-jects for maintaining serum folate concentrations. Even a 400μg daily intake of folate might be less than what is needed, especially for homozygous MTHFR subjects and smokers, to maintain an adequate serum folate concentration.

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