Cholesterol Metabolism in Rat Is Affected by Protocatechuic Acid

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  • TAMVRA Akiko
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • FUKVSHIMA Michihiro
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • SHIMADA Ken-ichiro
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • HAN Kyu-Ho
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • SEKIKAWA Mitsuo
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • WATANABE Shoko
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • NAKANO Masuo
    Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
  • MATSVMOTO Meumi
    Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Science, Fuji Women's University
  • CHIJI Hideyuki
    Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Science, Fuji Women's University

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The effects of protocatechuic acid on serum cholesterol and gene expression related to cholesterol metabolism in rats were investigated. Rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet with or without 5g protocatechuic acid/kg diet for 4 wk. There were no significant dif ferences in body weight and food intake among groups through the experimental period. The liver weight in the protocatechuic acid group was significantly lower than that in the control group. The serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)+intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL)+low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations in the protocatechuic acid group were signifi-cantly lower than those in the control group through the feeding period. The hepatic cholesterol concentration in the protocatechuic acid group was significantly higher than in the control group at the end of the 4-wk feeding period. The relative hepatic LDL receptor, apo B, apo E, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) mRNA levels in the protocatechuic acid group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The results of this study suggest the possibility that the increase in the hepatic LDL receptor, apo E, LCAT and HTGL guessed by these mRNAs increase in the pro-tocatechuic acid group lowers the serum total cholesterol level.

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