Outbreak of contagious equine metritis in a farm and its treatment and prevention.

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  • 牧場における馬伝染性子宮炎の発生とその治療ならびに予防
  • ボクジョウ ニ オケル バ デンセンセイ シキュウエン ノ ハッセイ ト ソノ

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Abstract

During the breeding sepson in 1980 a previously unrecognized form of equine metritis was observ-ed among Thoroughbred mares in a farm in Iburi district of Hokkaido, Japan. This farm had about 240 mares and 8 stallions. Infected mares developed grayish white vaginal discharge and associated inflammatory changes of the cervix and vagina 2-4 days after mating. Early in May, 1980, Haemo-philus equigenitalis (H.e.), causative of contagious equine metritis (CEM), was first isolated from cervical swabs of an infected mare and the disease was diagnosed as CEM.<BR>H.e. was isolated from 20 mares by bacteriological examinations of cervical or clitorial swabs during a period from May, 1980 to February, 1981. Fourteen of the infected mares showed the same clinical signs, while others did not. Five of the 6 mares without clinical signs had been pregnant. In four of these pregnant mares abortion or early embryonic death took place, but H.e. was isolated neither from placentae, aborted fetuses nor cervices after abortion.<BR>One stallion was mated with 29 mares from 20 April to 10 May. After mating sixteen of the mares showed clinical signs of which 12 were H.e. positive and only three became pregnant suggest-ing that he was a carrier of CEM, but all stallions including him were H.e. negative by the examina-tions of urethral fossa swabs or semen.<BR>The infected mares were treated with intrauterine infusion of antibiotics (ampicillin, mycillin or teramycin). The pregnant infected mares were treated by washing of the vagina, clitoris and clitorial fossa with antibiotics. Stallions received intraurethral infusion of mycillin and systemic treatment with ampicillin or penicillin.<BR>In addition, the external genitals of both the sexes were washed with 0.5% chlorohexidine before and after mating. This seemed effective in preventing spread of the disease.<BR>By these treatments and care, CEM was cleared from this farm before the commencement of the next breeding season.

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