Resveratrol Reverses Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage and Subfertility by Downregulating p53 and Bax and Upregulating Gonadotropins and Bcl-2 gene Expression

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  • ELEAWA Samy M
    College of Health Sciences, PAAET, Kuwait
  • ALKHATEEB Mahmoud A
    Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • ALHASHEM Fahaid H
    Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • BIN-JALIAH Ismaeel
    Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • SAKR Hussein F
    Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • ELREFAEY Hesham M
    Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • ELKARIB Abbas O
    Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • ALESSA Riyad M
    Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • HAIDARA Mohammad A
    Departement of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology, Kasr Al-Aini Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
  • SHATOOR Abdullah S.
    Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
  • KHALIL Mohammad A
    Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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This study was performed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of resveratrol (RES) against CdCl2-induced toxicity in rat testes. Seven experimental groups of adult male rats were formulated as follows: A) controls+NS, B) control+vehicle (saline solution of hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin), C) RES treated, D) CdCl2+NS, E) CdCl2+vehicle, F) RES followed by CdCl2 and M) CdCl2 followed by RES. At the end of the protocol, serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were measured in all groups, and testicular levels of TBARS and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Epididymal semen analysis was performed, and testicular expression of Bcl-2, p53 and Bax was assessed by RT-PCR. Also, histopathological changes of the testes were examined microscopically. Administration of RES before or after cadmium chloride in rats improved semen parameters including count, motility, daily sperm production and morphology, increased serum concentrations of gonadotropins and testosterone, decreased testicular lipid peroxidation and increased SOD activity. RES not only attenuated cadmium chloride-induced testicular histopathology but was also able to protect against the onset of cadmium chloride testicular toxicity. Cadmium chloride downregulated the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 and upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes p53 and Bax. Resveratrol protected against and partially reversed cadmium chloride testicular toxicity via upregulation of Bcl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax gene expression. The antioxidant activity of RES protects against cadmium chloride testicular toxicity and partially reverses its effect via upregulation of BCl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax expression.

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