On the orthotropic properties of wood in compression

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  • 木材の圧縮異方性について
  • 木材の圧縮異方性について〔英文〕
  • モクザイ ノ アッシュク イホウセイ ニ ツイテ エイブン

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This report presents data obtained from compression tests to determine the elastic properties of 11 important tree species used in Japan. Material tested was air-dried to moisture content values of approximately 14 to 16 per cent. The POISSON'S ratios were measured by means of the instruments as shown in figure 1. The smaller POISSON'S ratios, μRL and μTL, were difficult to determine accurately, and these values were computed from the elastic constants relationships (1). The modulus of rigidity was calculated from the equation (2) for transforming YOUNG'S Modulus to an angle of 45° in principal planes.<br> Summary tables show the average values of elastic constants, their ratios, stress-strain relationships, elastic coefficient Sik, and compressibility coefficient K, ctc. The values of YOUNG'S moduli, moduli of rigidity, stresses at proportional limit and maximum crushing strength show some tendency toward increase with the increase in specific gravity, whereas POISSON'S ratios show no correlation. The values of K decrease with the increase in specific gravity. The relationships between stresses and strains in compression parallel to grain may be expressed conveniently by the equation (5). The effects of grain angle on YOUNG'S moduli and POISSON'S ratios were computed from the equation (3) and (4) as illustrated in Figures 2 to 10. The values of POISSON'S ratio for some angles of some species become negative in the LT plane, even in the LR plane. These tests were conducted at only one moisture condition, and the influence of moisture content on the elastic constants has not been studied. The present data were obtained from tests on solid specimens taken from only one tree of each species, and must be considered as less representative of the species.

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