Movement of soil and litter down slopes in three types of forests (I)

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Other Title
  • 林地斜面における表層物質の移動 (I)
  • 林地斜面における表層物質の移動-1-細土の移動
  • リンチ シャメン ニ オケル ヒョウソウ ブッシツ ノ イドウ 1 サイド ノ
  • 細土の移動
  • Movement of soil having particles less than two millimeters in diameter

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Abstract

The amount of eroded soil was measured on adjoining slopes covered with forests of Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora S. and Z.) and hardwood trees (A), Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica D. DON) (S), and Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa (S. and Z.) ENDL.) (H). Soil erosion increased in the order of (A), (S), and (H). A curvilinear regression of the amount of eroded soil to the precipitation index (PI) yielded a very large correlation coefficient in (H). The correlation coefficient became less in the order of (H), (S), and (A) with increasing protection capacity of the ground cover. When the PI was not very large, soil erosion was greater on steep and convex slopes than on gentle and concave to straight slopes. The reverse was the case when the PI was extremely large because extremely heavy rain tended to bring about an unusually large amount of localized soil erosion on gentle and concave to straight slopes. The ground cover of (A) supressed soil erosion regardless of the rainfall intensity or landform. The ground cover of (S) more or less effectively protected the soil against a not-so-heavy rain, but with an extremely heavy rain, it could not check localized bursts of soil erosion on a plot of gentle and concave landform. The ground cover on (H) was poor. Even with a not-so-heavy rain, a large amount of soil was eroded on a plot of steep and convex landform which counterbalanced the large amount of eroded soil due to the bursts of localized soil erosion on the plots of gentle and concave to straight landform with extremely heavy rain.

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