New index to evaluate water holding capacity of forest soils

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  • Kosugi K.
    Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University

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  • 森林土壌の雨水貯留能を評価するための新たな指標の検討
  • シンリン ドジョウ ノ ウスイ チョリュウノウ オ ヒョウカ スル タメ ノ アラタ ナ シヒョウ ノ ケントウ

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In order to evaluate water holding capacity of forest soils, an index of water storage, S, related to vertical drainage process in surface soil was proposed. Based on Darcy-Buckingham equation, the index S is defined as the amount of water storage derived under a no-flux initial condition and upper and lower boundary conditions of a constant rainfall intensity and a constant ground water level, respectively. All of soil column length, rainfall intensity, and soil hydraulic properties affect the value of S, and S reflects the characteristics of soil water diffusivity which characterizes the vertical drainage process in surface soil. In order to evaluate the performance of the index S, numerical simulations were conducted using typical hydraulic properties for crumb-structured and massive forest soils. Results showed that crumb-structured forest soils, which have larger S values, exhibit greater amount of water storage during rainfalls and produce more gradual hydrographs. On the other hand, it was noted that the storage index derived by the pore-volume analysis is not effective for the vertical drainage process in surface soil, since it does not account for capillary pressure profile nor soil hydraulic conductivity.

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